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La lucciola - www.cilentano.it La lucciola - www.cilentano.it
lucciola 2 Copia Il termine “Luciola” fa riferimento a un genere di insetti coleotteri di dimensioni molto ridotte, comunemente noti con il nome di “lucciola”. La lucciola fa parte della famiglia Lampyridae, della sottofamiglia Luciolinae e della tribù Luciolini. Nonostante presenti un alto grado di dimorfismo sessuale, è comunque possibile distinguere i maschi dalle femmine. I maschi dispongono di ali, hanno un corpo lungo e snello che può raggiungere e superare la lunghezza di un centimetro. Essendo dotati di ali, possono volare fino a un massimo di un metro dal suolo e posarsi liberamente su steli di diverse altezze. Le femmine, invece, sono più rare. Dispongono anch’esse di ali, ma presentano alcune differenze rispetto al corpo, il quale si presenta come più corto e tozzo. È più frequente trovarle a terra e spesso amano disporsi nell’erba al fine di nascondersi e restare indisturbate.
Il pronoto, ovvero il primo segmento toracico, sia nei maschi che nelle femmine, non ricopre totalmente il capo. Questo, in molti casi, è facilmente riconoscibile in quanto si presenta con una macchia rossiccia centrale. Le elitre, ovvero le ali anteriori di cui sono dotati i coleotteri e gli emitteri, si presentano alla vista di colore marrone scuro. Ricoprono tutto il corpo. La parte terminante dell’addome è di colore bianco, ed è la zona del corpo responsabile della produzione di luce.
Le lucciole sono comunemente note proprio per questa loro peculiarità, ovvero la capacità di emettere luce, la quale è la conseguenza dell’ossidazione del substrato fotogeno luciferina ad ossiluciferina. Questo passaggio avviene esclusivamente in presenza di ossigeno e grazie alla catalisi. La catalisi è messa in atto dall’enzima luciferasi. La luce emessa dalle lucciole, detta anche bioluminescenza, è fredda e presenta una lunghezza d’onda che oscilla tra i 500 e i 650 nm. Per quanto riguarda l’intensità, invece, questa varia in base alla specie. Se si considera che esistono circa 2000 specie, è difficile fare una stima corretta. L’emissione di fasci di luce avviene per un motivo specifico: si tratta di una funzione che viene messa in atto durante il corteggiamento, fase precedente all’accoppiamento. Tra le specie maggiormente presenti in Europa ce ne sono tre che godono di maggiore importanza. Si tratta della Luciola italica, della Luciola lusitanica e della Luciola novaki. Due di esse sono anche presenti in Italia. La Luciola italica, infatti, popola l’Italia e i Balcani occidentali. La Luciola lusitanica si trova in Portogallo, Francia, Italia, Spagna, Balcani e Russia meridionale. La Luciola novaki, invece, è presente esclusivamente nei Balcani occidentali.
Cilentano.it nasce nel 2011 come ilcilento.altervista.org. Il blog presentava delle caratteristiche avanguardistiche come sfondi video e fotografici. Il nome a dominio e' stato acquistato nel 2012 ed il sito ha mutato grafiche nel corso del tempo. Da oltre quattro anni è cosi' come lo vedete. Dotato di un canale video e youtube offre informazioni sul comprensorio del Parco Nazionale del Cilento Diano ed Alburni oltre ai paesi limitrofi. E' aperto a chiunque voglia farne parte con scritti, foto, racconti ed informazioni su questi luoghi ancora da scoprire. Il blog e' gratuito e senza fine di lucro. Il marchio e' registrato.
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