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I castelli del Cilento (parte uno) - www.cilentano.it I castelli del Cilento (parte uno) - www.cilentano.it
teggiano Il Cilento è una terra meravigliosa che ha tanto da offrire ai propri visitatori con splendide spiagge, borghi incantevoli e anche un’ampia proposta di castelli da non perdere. Ce ne sono diversi per cui è possibile organizzare e godere di un vero e proprio tour. In questo post, a cui seguiranno molti altri, vedremo quelli piu’ conosciuti. Il Cilento è terra di bellissime spiagge e borghi incantevoli ma è anche una zona particolarmente interessante per quanto riguarda il patrimonio artistico e culturale di cui dispone. Infatti, ci sono diversi castelli che permettono di riscoprire la storia di questi luoghi e delle varie dominazioni che si sono alternate nel corso dei secoli. La prima proposta parte dallo splendido borgo di Castellabate nel quale è possibile apprezzare il fascino del Castello dell’Abate. Una struttura realizzata su una rocca che domina tutta la collina e l’intera costa sottostante.
La sua realizzazione è avvenuta intorno all’anno 1123 grazie a Cava Costabile Gentilcore che all’epoca era l’abate della Badia di Cava dei Tirreni. Attorno a questo castello si sviluppò poi tutto il borgo medievale che oggi è peraltro patrimonio dell’umanità riconosciuto dall’Unesco. Si può visitare il castello e le sue sale interne che risultano fruibili per il pubblico dal mese di giugno a quello di ottobre. Ci sono delle mura imponenti caratterizzate da torri circolari con la possibilità di godere di una meravigliosa vista mozzafiato da piazzetta Belvedere.
Spostandosi verso Rocca Cilento che è frazione di Lustra, c’è da restare senza fiato per le caratteristiche del relativo Castello che è stato costruito intorno al IX secolo dopo Cristo. È una struttura visibile soltanto nella parte esterna ma è davvero imponente. Ci sono tre torri posizionate nella parte frontale che erano utilizzate per difendersi dall’attacco di eserciti nemici e di altre due che completano la pianta pentagonale. Attualmente sono in atto degli interventi di ristrutturazione per rendere il tutto accessibile anche nella zona interna.
Le proposte di Roccadaspide e Felitto
Proseguendo con il tour è possibile fare tappa a Roccadaspide per apprezzare il Castello Filomarino che si trova, ben inglobato, all’interno del centro cittadino. Secondo le ricostruzioni storiche, la sua costruzione è stata avviata nei primi anni del Trecento e il nome è dovuto alla nobile famiglia che lo ha usato come propria dimora fino ai primi anni dell’Ottocento. Una lunga storia che caratterizza un maniero dotato di ben 44 stanze su più livelli, con tanto di antico deposito di armi e di una oscura camera delle torture. Ci sono poi i saloni che i principi di un tempo usavano per le feste di corte impreziositi da opere d’arte di vario genere.
Nel comune di Felitto c’è un altro Castello Feudale che però ha delle caratteristiche differenti in quanto di origine angioina. Posizionato nella parte più alta della cittadina, si sviluppa su due livelli con tanto di torrione di circa 25 metri. È ancora visibile la stalla che un tempo ospitava fino a 14 cavalli e da un piccolo tunnel chiamato trabucco si riesce ad arrivare ad una parete a strapiombo sulla vallata dove c’è il fiume Calore.
Spostandosi nella cittadina balneare di Agropoli è possibile dare un’occhiata al Castello Angioino Aragonese. Un’altra splendida testimonianza di questo borgo medievale che permetteva ai signori di un tempo di avere pieno controllo sul territorio e soprattutto di difendersi da eventuali attacchi che arrivavano dal mare . È un castello che può essere visitato in qualsiasi periodo dell’anno e che permette di apprezzare la magnificenza di una struttura realizzata con un ponte che conduce all’ingresso e che un tempo prevedeva anche un antico fossato pieno d’acqua. Ci sono le suggestive torri utilizzate per scopi militari e la possibilità anche di sfruttare la zona per godere di un panorama su tutto il golfo di Salerno .
Il castello di Castelnuovo di Cilento e la altre proposte
Continuando il viaggio alla scoperta delle strutture medievali e in particolar modo dei castelli presenti nelle varie cittadine del Cilento, arriviamo a Castelnuovo di Cilento. È un castello di origine normanna, probabilmente realizzato intorno al tredicesimo secolo e che permetteva, un tempo, di avere pieno controllo su tutta la valle dell’Alento . Naturalmente l’antico maniero si trova nella parte più alta del borgo ed è conservato in ottimo stato con la possibilità di apprezzare una torre circolare merlata e una a forma di parallelepipedo sempre merlata. Uno stile inconfondibile che riporta all’antica e prestigiosa famiglia dei marchesi Talamo – Atenolfi.
A Pioppi invece c’è il Palazzo Vinciprova. È una struttura differente rispetto alle altre, le cui origini riportano al tempo in cui in queste zone c’era la dominazione degli Aragonesi. L’aspetto interessante del palazzo è quello di trovarsi praticamente sul mare e di essere stato realizzato con uno stile architettonico molto interessante. In particolare ci sono degli elementi che riportano al barocco mentre altri sono evidentemente influenzati dalla dominazione moresca. Lo sviluppo perimetrale del palazzo è racchiuso attorno a due torri merlate che prevedono anche dei terrazzi mentre al centro c’è un corpo che si affaccia direttamente sul mare con tanto di porticato. È bello visitare questa struttura anche perché al suo interno ci sono due musei: il primo si trova a piano terra ed è il Museo Vivo del Mare mentre il secondo è il Museo Vivente della Dieta Mediterranea Ancel Keys e si trova al piano superiore.
La penultima tappa del tour arriva a Pollica . In questa cittadina è possibile visitare il castello dei Principi Capano. Si caratterizza per una imponente torre quadrata e con tantissime sale tra cui la stanza di Sant’Alfonso dove ha soggiornato proprio Sant’Alfonso de’ Liguori.
Infine, chiudiamo l’esperienza a Teggiano a pochi chilometri da Pollica per visitare il castello Macchiaroli. Teggiano è un borgo di origini medievali nel quale è presente questo castello che un tempo era di proprietà dei Principi Sanseverino. È stato realizzato in epoca normanna ma nel corso del XV secolo è stato oggetto di un importante intervento di restauro e di ampliamento proprio gestito dai principi Sanseverino. Da segnalare che in questa struttura viene organizzata una bellissima rievocazione storica risalente all’epoca medievale e intitolata Alla tavola della principessa Costanza.
Ha svolto un lavoro trentennale presso il Ministero della Difesa. Fin da bambino ha vissuto nel Cilento, da grande si e' imposto di divulgare la bellezza mozzafiato di questi luoghi intrisi di leggenda ed incorniciati dalla natura ancora selvaggia ed incontaminata.
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